Resumen
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a prevalence of 0.7% in Guatemala, primarily affecting women of productive age. Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities in patients with RA, associated with increased disease activity, functional disability, and lower treatment adherence. In Guatemala, few studies have evaluated these mental health conditions in the rheumatologic population. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 100 patients diagnosed with RA (ACR-EULAR criteria) who attended the clinic of the Guatemalan Association Against Rheumatic Diseases over the course of one year. The PHQ-9 questionnaire was used to assess depression, the Zung test for anxiety, and disease activity was evaluated using the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI). Results: Depression was present in 46% of patients, categorized as mild (25%), moderate (15%), and severe (6%). No patients in remission presented with depressive symptoms. Anxiety prevalence was 42%, with 28% of anxious patients showing moderate to severe disease activity according to CDAI. A correlation was observed between higher disease activity and increased rates of depressive and anxious symptoms. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are common in patients with RA and are associated with poorer disease control. Routine mental health screening should be considered an essential part of comprehensive care for RA patients.
Citas
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Copyright (c) 2025 Kay Francela Castro Ñurinda, Karla García González , Osmin Moralez, Francia Hernández Guifarro, José Chacón Súchite, Abraham García Kutzbach
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